Phoenix Consulting Group

TERRORISM/COUNTERTERRORISM/CRIMINAL LINKAGES

The level of sophistication of emerging and international terrorist organizations is often attributed to the sponsorship of state-based intelligence and counterintelligence services. Clear linkages can be observed by comparing some of the processes and techniques described in other sections of the list and such exploited/captured documents such as the Al Qaeda Training Manual of the 2001 era.

Similar examinations of the practices, activities and resources of international criminal enterprises reveal the influence of intelligence disciplines, made available by disruptions in the international system (e.g., collapse of the Soviet Union and Warsaw Pact, the corresponding wholesale unemployment of intelligence professionals and their availability as intelligence mercenaries.

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• Bowden, Mark. Killing Pablo: The Hunt for the World’s Greatest Outlaw. New York: Penguin Group: 2001.
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• Campen, Alan O. and Douglas H. Dearth (contributing editors]. CYBER WAR 2.0: Myths, Mysteries and Reality. Fairfax, Virginia: AFCEA International Press, 1998.
• Coll, Steve. Ghost Wars: The Secret History of the CIA, Afghanistan, and Bin Laden, from the Soviet Invasion to September 10, 2001. New York: Penguin Press, 2004.
• Dobson, Christopher and Ronald Payne. War Without End: The Terrorists, An Intelligence Dossier. London: Harrap Limited, 1986.
• Gunaratna, Rohan. Inside AL QAEDA: Global Network of Terror. New York: Columbia University Press, 2002.
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• Simon, Jeffrey D. The Terrorist Trap: America's Experience with Terrorism. Bloomington and Indianapolis:
  Indiana University Press, 1994.